一颗镶嵌在滇南的高原明珠
一座声名远播的城市
一个享誉世界的称号
(世界锡都)(中国个旧)
一段以锡而立因锡而兴的交通史
一条见证民族工业典范的铁路
一曲璀璨锡文化的华彩乐章
(片名)个碧石铁路简史
A beautiful pearl in the South Yunnan plateau
A well-known city
A world-famous name
(The Tin City of the World) (Gejiu, Yunnan, China).
A transportation history concerning tin production
A railway to witness the prosperity of national industry
A colorful movement of tin culture
(Title) A Brief History of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway
滇越铁路部分:
The part of Yunnan-Vietnam railway
(开头)1910年的列车,惊世震憾,它打破了数千年来云南封闭落后的自然经济状况,并以列车速度实现着社会、经济文化的剧变,可以认为是云南对外开放的起始。
(Beginning) The first locomotive in 1910 made the whole world astonished for it began to improve the poor and isolated natural economic situation of Yunnna province that has lasted for the past thousands of years. And also it began to make dramatic social, economic and cultural changes of Yunnan with its rapid speed so that it was considered as the beginning of opening-up development of Yunnan province.
1.滇越铁路顾名思义,它北起昆明,南抵河口,直插越南,止于海防。云南段长465千米。1910的列车,即指滇越铁路滇段。1957年,改名为昆(明)河(口)铁路,但大家人习惯称之为滇越铁路。
1. Just as its name implies, the Yunnan-Vietnam railway starts from the north of Kunming city and it goes along Hekou then finally reaches the Haiphong City station of Vietnam. It is 465 km long within Yunnan region. The railway of 1910 is exactly the railway of Yunnan-Vietnam. In 1957, it was changed to another name of Kunming-Hekou railway. However, everyone has accustomed to call it as Yunnan-Vietnam railway.
2.滇越铁路1903年10月开工,1910年1月30日通车,历时六年零三个月。通车庆典之日,滇越铁路公司总办马仙日登邀请了云贵总督李经羲和各司大员,在位于昆明塘子巷的滇越铁路一等站云南府车站举行通车仪式。会议气氛热烈隆重。
2. The Yunnan-Vietnam Railway was begun to build in October of 1903 and spent 6 years and 3 months and then it was finished on January 30,1910. On the first day of its opening, Mr. Ma Xianri, the general manager of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway Company, invited the viceroy of Yunnan and Guizhou province Mr. Li Jingyi and other government officials to the grand opening ceremony which was held in the first-class Yunnna railway station located in Tangzixiang of Kunming.
3.滇越铁路是在特殊历史条件下帝国主义侵略、法国殖民主义政策下的产物,是被迫、被动修筑的国际铁路及被迫、被动地对外开放。通过这条铁路,法国人自然获得丰厚的政治、经济利益与特权。但客观地讲,滇越铁路也在近百年的时间里对云南的经济、文化发展起到了重大作用,对推动云南社会文明进程有着积极的促进作用。
3. The Yunnan-Vietnam Railway is a product under the specific historic condition that is the invasion of imperialism and French colonialism. This international railway was actually forced to open-up by the foreign invaders. By building this railway, France gained numerous political, economic benefits and special privileges. But speaking objectively, the Yunnan-Vietnam railway has greatly promoted the economic and cultural development of Yunnan province during the past hundred years and also played an important role in the civilization process of Yunnan society.
(结束)滇越铁路的文化影响至深,以至如今碧色寨山里的老太太,晚上劳作后仍保持着喝一小杯咖啡的风雅。
(Close) The culture of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway still has a great influence on the life of local people today. The old women of Bisezhai station have had a long-term habit to have a cup of coffee after work in the evening.
(过渡段)
滇越铁路通车刺激云南经济发展最有代表性的莫过于云南个旧锡业、以至在以后数十年间,个旧锡业一度成为云南的支柱产业,经济命脉,主要财政税收大户,建国后的中央直属企业。
(Transitional paragraph)
The most typical industry after the opening of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway is tin production in Gejiu city. During the after several decades, tin industry of Gejiu had been the mainstream industry and economic lifeblood of Yunnan province. It also was the most important financial revenue supporter to the province and became directly under the administration of central government.
个碧石铁路部分:
1.(锡都的锡)云南自明清以来,以土法生产的矿业占重要地位。其缓慢发展的个旧锡业在滇越铁路通车后,锡出口量猛增,其出口量之大几乎与生产量相等。19世纪至20世纪初,英、美、法等西方国家船舶工业、机械制造工业迅速发展,猛然促进了对大锡的需求。而个旧锡在质量上较之巴西、玻利维亚与马来西亚等国家生产的锡质量上乘,号称质量世界第一,数量世界第二而成为国际市场的抢手货。“锡都”美誉不胫而走。
Part of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway
1. (Tin in the Tin City) since Qing and Ming dynasties, Yunnan’ s mineral industry produced with local method was very important. Its slow developing speed turned to fast after the opening of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway. The export amount of tin greatly increased and found the equivalence with its producing amount. From 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, shipbuilding and machine-building industries in western countries like Britain, America and France developed rapidly so that the need of tin had become huge suddenly. Tin of Gejiu City was much better then Brazil, Bolivia and Malaysia in quality. So the first-class quality and second-class amount tin has become very popular in the international market. The name of “Tin City’ came into being then.
2.(修路背景)这种需求必然刺激个旧大锡的发展,使得矿山人员增加,采场面积扩大,炼炉蜂起。周边县份蒙自、建水、石屏等地的人员、物资向个旧急遽流动。但当时个旧大锡的出口,原从蛮耗口岸经红河南下至越南海防转香港地区销往国外。滇越铁路修通,从碧色寨一天即可达河口的铁路运输取代了从蛮耗七八天才到河口的缓慢运输,于是蛮耗水运逐渐中止,锡外运改由必须经蒙自关与碧色寨车站。加之各种矿用物资、生活物资全靠马帮从邻县运到个旧,这就形成了个旧交通滞后,与蓬勃发展的大锡生产之间的严重矛盾。以1910年滇越铁路通车为契机,促使个旧工商业者将修筑个碧石铁路的事宜提到桌面上来。
2. (Background of railway building) this kind of need certainly stimulated tin production of Gejiu city and made the number of miners increase as well as the expanding of mining areas. Those neighboring counties such as Mengzi, Jianshui and Shiping transferred its human resource and material supply to Gejiu. But at that time, all the transportation had to start form Manhao port, along with the Honghe River, went to Vietnam first and then transferred to Hongkong so as to international market. The opening of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway speeded up the trip speeded up the seven or eight-day from Manhao port to Hekou into one-day from Bisezhai to Hekou. The water transportation of Manhao was gradually not used. The tin transportation had to be done from Mengzi and Bisezhai stations. Meanwhile various mineral and daily supplies were transported from adjacent counties by horses’ teams. Hence the poor transportation and prosperity of tin production greatly contrasted each other. With Yunnan-Vietnam railway building as a turning point, the construction program of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was proposed formally in the public affairs’ agenda,
3.(筑路缘起)1910年底,刘新元、郭步程、黄士运等48名个旧矿商联名上书云贵总督,首倡修筑个碧石铁路未果。1911年,孙中山先生领导辛亥革命运动,推翻了清王朝统治。受其影响,民族独立自主的思想使个旧工商业者更坚定了个碧石铁路商办的原则,又再次呈文省府。1912年2月,个旧地区工商业主李光翰、朱朝瑾等人三度联名上书云南都督蔡锷请修个碧石铁路,并确定抽收锡炭股款及添收砂股,以作修路资金的方针。蔡及表赞同批复:“据呈以悉,临蒙个屏等铁路关系本极重大,该绅商等倡议筹款修筑,足见关心桑梓,注意交通深切,嘉尚所诂,继续抽收锡炭股并添收砂股,以供路需,各节均准照办,在路车未成以前,不准轻易停止,仰及遵照。”
3. (Reasons for building the railway)At the end of 1910,48 local mining merchants including Liu xinyuan,Guo Bucheng and Huang Shiyun initiated to governor of Yunnan and Guizhou for proposing to build the railway but got no reply. In 1911 Mr. Sun Zhongshan led the Xinhai Revolution and overturned the corrupted administration of Qing dynasty. Under the revolutionary influence, the mind of national independence made Gejiu’s industrialists has a deep faith in the principle of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway construction. So they presented the idea to provincial government again. In February of 1912, Mr. Li Guanghan and Zhu Chaojin jointly signed the proposal to Yunnan army commander General Cai’e for the railway building and they, at the same time, made a clear plan to raise construction capital from tin and min taxation. Their petition soon got reply from Cai’e: “ as you mentioned in your proposal, the railway building is quite significant. It’s very good that local gentlemen and merchants agreed to collect money. It’s also very well considered to keep levying tin tax and create a new mining tax item for this project. Please follow your ideas until the completion of railway.”
4.(个碧石铁路公司)由于个碧石铁路定为工商集资修筑的民营铁路,当时轰动一时,社会舆论极大,省政府对此作了充分肯定,并愿“出资补助,以示提倡之意”。1913年决定由滇署铁路公司与个旧股东组成官商合办的“个碧石铁路股份有限公司”,由滇蜀铁路公司出股100万两,设不敷出时,再由滇蜀铁路股项下,拨借50万两。总部设在个旧。1917年,滇蜀铁路公司会呈政府,考虑到“本路无成功之望”,函商个旧锡矿股,将交入股银800万两股本归还股东,取消官商合办方案。至此,官股退出,个碧石铁路纯为民办。1933年,滇省政府以个碧石铁路股份有限公司办理不善为由,组织整理委员会,重新拟定“云南民营个碧石铁路股份有限公司章程草案”。
4. (Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Company) Because the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway is a nongovernmental-built railroad which made a great news then, the provincial government spoke highly of this project and decided to “subsidize for encouragement”. In 1913, “Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Limited Company” was founded by the combination of Yunnan-Sichuan Railway Company and local merchants of Gejiu City. It was settled that Yunnan-Sichuan Railway Company paid 1,000,000 liang silver to support and would pay another 500,000 liang silver if it could not to make ends meet. The head quarter was in Gejiu. In 1917, Yunnan-Sichuan Railway Company submitted report to provincial government, saying that it couldn’t make it and decided to return 8,000,000 liang silver shares to shareholders so as to conceal itself form the joint project. The Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway became a nongovernmental business. In 1933, Yunnan provincial government claimed that Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Company was run in a bad management and a new committee should be organized. Meantime “Company Business Procedures of Nongovernmental Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Limited Company” was re-initiated.
5.(陈鹤亭)人们每提及个碧石铁路,必然联想到陈鹤亭,他是修筑个碧石铁路的功臣元勋,陈鹤亭,名陈均,字鹤亭,石屏宝秀人。生于1874年,卒于1931年,为光绪二十九年(1903年)石屏末科三进士之一。此人一生业绩颇多,但最大的是主修云南民营个碧石铁路及融资开发个旧锡矿。从1914年起陈鹤亭连任或兼任个碧石铁路总理,在旧中国,为云南争权益,不让法国滇越铁路公司染指个碧石铁路;重视、培养中国工程技术人员;以发行股票的方式凑集资金;又创意性地于开办个碧石铁路银行发行铁路行钞票、铁路银行券;保存路款,汇集资金,边建路,边营运,以营补建,终使个碧石铁路告成,并成为中国唯一的一条民营铁路。时至今日,石屏宝秀郑营村中还屹立着一幢老式住宅,它就是20世纪20年代陈鹤亭在家乡建盖的住宅,当地人习惯称之为“陈氏宗祠”。如今已辟为旅游胜地和民族传统教育之地,并时有游人不断瞻仰,这也许是大家对陈鹤亭先生的最大怀念和崇敬。
5. Everyone who thinks of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway would surely thinks of Mr. Chen Heting. He is a person who had rendered outstanding service to the railway construction. His formal name is Chen Jun and the courtesy name is Heting. He was born in 1874 at Baoxiu, Shiping County and died in 1931. He was once one of three top candidates in the highest imperial exam in the 29th year of Emperor Guangxu’s reign (1903 AD). Mr. Chen made many great achievements in his life and the most outstanding one was to be responsible for the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway building and to raise money for tin production in Gejiu. From 1914 on, he was the manager of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Company. He fought against French for the rights of Chinese people and paid great attention to train Chinese technicians. With the stock distribution, he raised money for railway building. Also Chen founded the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Bank to issue special railway notes and bonds. Saving construction capital, collecting money by the time of building and making the business in motion at the same time. Finally the only one nongovernmental railway in China was successfully completed. Today there is an ancient house located in Zhengying village of Baoxiu, Shiping which was home of Chen Heting built in 1920s. It’s called “ancestral hall of Chen’s family” by the local people. It has become a famous tourist spot and also a place for traditional patriotism education. This also shows people’s reverence and respect for Mr. Chen Heting.
6.(勘测修建)个碧石铁路不修成准轨、米轨,而修6寸轨,其中既有政治主权因素,也有客观地形因素和运输效应等原因。一方面地方乡绅发展民族工业意识浓厚,不愿让个碧石铁路与滇越铁路接轨、畅通,以免被法国人侵吞了运输、管理权。另一方面,个旧一带地形复杂,海拔超过2000米,当时设计个碧段的专家曾测算过,米轨最大坡度为30‰,转弯半径最小100米,而6寸轨最大坡度可到40‰,转弯半径可一小到50米。相形之下,修米轨不仅耗费资金、耗费时间,且增加技术上的难度。再者,修筑个碧石铁路主要出于对大锡生产和出口考虑,运输量过大,没有多少东西可以运,各县之间也仅限农产品物资运输,量不大,因而没有修米轨的必要。对于这些问题,法国工程师尼复礼士曾很有远见地提出客观有益的建议,他说:“该路的作用不过是县于县之间的交通运输,采用6寸轨以可以运输自如,并可以省料款十分之四。”个碧石铁路修建过程中,个碧段民国二年着手勘测,民国四年开工,1921年11月9日通车,筑路工程师为法国人尼复礼士。鸡(鸡街)、临(建水)段民国七年动工,1928年10月通车,筑路工程师为福建人萨少铭。他主张目前修6寸轨,但建成米轨路基、桥梁、隧道。原因是将来收回滇越铁路路权时,便于改轨通车与滇越铁路连成一线。事实证明这些都是具有远见卓识的建议,即科学合理,又为将来社会、经济发展,铁路会产生的变化做出了预见性的判断。临屏段民国十八年动工,筑路工程师为浙江吴澄远及李庆余,1936年10月10日竣工通车,也为全段路竣工通车。
6. (Survey and construction) Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was not designed as the standard track or 1-meter-wide track, but as 6-cun-wide tracks because of special political, topographical and transportation reasons. On one hand, the local merchants had a strong awareness of national industry. They didn’t want to make Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway and Yunnan-Vietnam so smooth in order to not lost the transportation and management authority to French. On the other hand, the topographical situation of Gejiu was quite complex and it was 2,000 meters higher than the horizontal elevation. The experts had measures that the maximum gradient of 1-meter-wide track was 30% and its turning semi diameter was at least 100 meters. But the maximum gradient of 6-cun-wide track was 40% and its turning semi diameter was only 50 meters. So building the 1-meter-wide tracks not only wasted money but also time and it was also too difficult. Moreover, the major purpose of this railway was to export tin mineral and transportation among the adjacent counties was just limited to agricultural products. For this particular reason, it was unnecessary to build 1-meter-wide tracks. To solve the problems, French engineer 尼复礼士made a foresight and objective suggestion. He said: “ the purpose of this railroad is only to transport freight from one county to another. 6-cun-wide tracks would be absolutely fine and it can save 40% material and money to do like this.” The railway from Gejiu to Bisezhai station was begun to survey in 1913 and went into operation with French engineer 尼复礼士in 1916. On September 9 1921 it was put into use. Railway from Jijie to Jianshui station was begun to build in 1919 and completed in October of 1928 with Chinese Sa Shaoming as the engineer, who came from Fujian province. He proposed to build 6-cun-wide tracks at first but should build it with the roadbed, bridge and tunnels as the standard tracks, for it would be very convenient to reconstruct after China regains road authority of Yunnan-Vietnam railway. These all had been proved to be true later. These suggestions were not only scientifically reasonable but also predicted the future development of social and economic situation of the country. The railroad from Jianshui to Shiping station was begun to build in 1930 and the engineers were Wu Chengyuan and Li Qingyu who came from Zhejiang province. On October 10 1936, this section of railway was finished and it also was the final completion of the whole Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway.
7.(通车)个碧石铁路呈“T”字形,横笔两端分别是碧色寨、个旧,交接点为鸡街,竖笔下端为石屏。碧色寨经鸡街至个旧长近73 公里。由鸡街经建水至石屏长104公里。全为6寸轨距,有隧道18座,桥梁40座。先后投资2070余万银元?。1915年5月开工,1936年10月10日,全线通车,历时21年5个月。通车之日,在石屏县举办了盛大的通车典礼,大摆宴席,遍请个旧、蒙自、石屏、建水乡绅及各界人士。一般老百姓又自愿到石屏观礼祝贺者,都免费提供食宿。从此,结束了滇南地区几千年来大量物资人背马驮的历史及个旧大锡外运、中转的困难,是滇越铁路的延展与衔接
7. (Opening to traffic) Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway runs like a “T” letter. The two extremes of horizontal line are Bisezhai and Gejiu stations and the joint point is Jijie station with vertical line located Shiping station. It is about 73 km long from Bisezhai to Gejiu with the middle of Jijie and 104 km long from Jijie to Shiping with the middle of Jianshui. All the tracks were designed as 6-cun-wide and there were 18 runnels in all and 40 bridges. The total investment was more than 20,700,000 Liang silver. It was started in May of 1915 and finished on October 10 1936 that lasted 21 years and 5 months. On the first day of opening to traffic, a grand opening ceremony was held in Shiping city to which local gentlemen and merchants of Gejiu, Mengzi, Shiping and Jianshui were sincerely invited. Those local people who volunteered to the ceremony were offered free boarding service. After this day, the history of horse-taking transportation was over and difficulties of exporting tin were solved. And the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was also the connection and continuation to the Yunnan-Vietnam railway.
8.(机车)个碧石铁路机车先后由美、法、德进口34台。第一批1-8号0-6-0型美国达文浦车车厂制造;第二批9-12号0-8-0型美国鲍尔温车厂制造;第三批13-16号2-6-0法国巴丁诺车厂制造;鉴于前三批机车牵引力低,由曾留学美国时任修筑临个路后期总工程师李国钧介绍美国鲍尔温车厂修改制造供给第四批17-32号0-10-0型十轮平移滑伐式车。这批机车于1926至1930年分四次进口,共16台。该机车自重55000磅,行使重65000磅,煤水车自重10000磅,行使重22000磅,牵引力14750磅。前边有引导轮,中间有10个主动轮,且钢材优良,结构严谨,重心低,马力大,行使平稳,耗煤少,1936年全线营运后,成为个碧石铁路的主动力。第五批德国制造33-34号2-8-0型机车有“吃煤老虎”之称不适宜急弯陡坡线路,长期封存,一度在鸡街站调车用。
8. (Locomotives) The Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway project had imported 34 locomotives from America, France and Germany. The first batch of locomotives were type 0-6-0 made by American 达文浦 company numbering from1 to 8; the second ones were type 0-8-0 made by American 鲍尔温 company numbering from 9 to 12; the third locomotives were type 2-6-0 made by French 巴丁诺 company numbering 13 to 16. Because the previous three batches of locomotives had the poor tractions, general engineer Li Guojun, who once studied in America and participated the road building there, suggested that the fourth batch of locomotives should be imported from American鲍尔温 company with type 0-10-0 numbering from 17 to 32. These 16 new locomotives were ten-wheeled flatly moved pulley and imported for four times form 1926 to 1930. Each of them weighed 55,000 pounds motionless and 65,000 pounds in motion. The coal-water machine weighed 10,000 pounds when it is still and 22,000 pounds in motion with the traction of 14, 750 pounds. There were pilot wheel in front of it and 10 active wheels. Also these machines were well qualified with fine steel and tight-structured with under slung and huge horsepower. It was operated very smoothly and wasted less coal. So these new locomotives became dominantly important after the entire railroad was put into use in 1936. The fifth batch of locomotives, which were type 2-8-0 numbering from 33 to 34 imported from Germany, caused a great waste of coal so that these ones were called “coal eaters”. For this reason they were sealed up for keeping and just used in transition in Jijie station.
9.(变迁)。抗日战争开始前的几年是个碧石铁路最旺盛的时期,当时个旧矿业兴旺,市场繁荣。大锡由个旧运往碧色寨,转车后再由滇越铁路运至海防、转水路运往香港地区,最后销往世界各地。抗日战争爆发以后个碧石铁路运输进入衰败期,日本人深知个旧大锡在世界经济中的战略地位和作用,首先切断海防通道,续而狂轰滥炸个旧城及邻近矿山。个旧锡生产受到严重破坏,几至一落千丈。加之云南西部、南部遭受日本地面部队包围,大锡根本无法通过个碧石铁路,滇越铁路运出,外边的物资也运不进来,以至抗战后期,器材、机车、材料、机煤均无钱购买,最后连工人的工资都无法保证,只好靠借贷维持。
9. (Transitional history) It was the peak period for the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway during the first years of anti-Japanese war. At that time, the mineral business was quite prosperous in Gejiu and had a thriving market. Tin mineral was transported from Gejiu to Bisezhai first, then was transferred to the port going along the Yunnan-Vietnam railway and next to Hongkong and finally to all the parts of the world. After the anti-Japanese war broke out, the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping gradually had a bad business. Japanese invaders knew well that tin mineral of Gejiu was so significant to the world’s economy. Therefore they cut off coast defenses first and dropped bombs to Gejiu city and the adjacent mining spots. Tin business was severely destroyed, almost failed totally. Moreover, the west and south parts of Yunnan were also attacked by Japanese. Hence nothing could be transported into Gejiu and also out of Gejiu by the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railroad and Yunnan-Vietnam railway. In the later period of anti-Japanese war, the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Company had no money to buy any machines, locomotives, supplies and coals. Even mining workers couldn’t get their due pay. People just had to support themselves by loaning money.
1943年个碧石铁路成立督办公署,由省财政厅长与民政厅长担任正、副督办,于是个碧石铁路民营性质开始发生变化。
In 1943, a management office of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway was set up with the director of Financial Office in Yunnan province as its general supervisor and the director of Social Affairs’ Office as the vice manager. Sine then the nongovernmental nature of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway had begun to change.
1951年,中共云南省委对个碧石铁路实行军事管制,以军代处作为最高职能机构。第一个五年计划之前,全线开展了“满载超轴500公里”运动,为初期社会主义建设发挥了重要动力作用。此间,个碧石铁路正式并入铁道部昆明铁路局。后又从石屏向西延展了10公里至宝秀,1969年铁道部对该段线路进行了大部改轨工程,将蒙自导宝秀的142公里扩建为米轨,仅保留鸡街到个旧的34公里仍为寸轨。犹如晚风夕照,鸡个段成了全国最后的寸轨铁路。
In 1951, Yunnan provincial committee began to be in charge of Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway in military rules, making the Army Office of Yunnan province as its new managing institution. Before the first Five-year plan, movement of “full load and 500 km surplus” was carried out, which played significant role during the primary phase of socialist construction. At the same time, Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was formally under the administration of Kunming Railway Bureau that belonged to the Ministry of National Railway. Later, 10 km new railroad was built from Shiping to Baoxiu. In 1969, the Ministry of National Railway reconstructed the old railway and broadened 142 km 6-cun-wide tracks into standard tracks, only 34 km railroad from Jijie to Gejiu was remained as before. Just like the last sunshine at the dark, railway from Jijie to Gejiu became the last small track in China.
(结局)1990年,鸡个线停办货运业务,由此,寸轨铁路彻底完成了在云南历发展与经济文化建设中的历史使命。在滇南的群山中人们再也不会听到“小火车”汽笛与车轮滚动的鸣响,再也看不到铁壳长虫在个旧矿山负重累累地缓慢蠕动。但是,人们不会忘记个碧石铁路是:
(Conclusion) In 1990, freight transportation along Jijie to Gejiu was stopped. So far the small railway had finished its job as a contributor to the economic and cultural development of Yunnan province. The sound of hooter and wheels of this “small train” could not be heard any more and the slow “small train” could not be seen among the mining mountains of Gejiu any more. However, what everyone never forgets about the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway is that it is:
全国最小的铁路——
它路小、车小、载货少,比矿车大不了多少。在全国,滇越铁路已经号称“小火车”,但它比滇越铁路还小。货运载重量也不多,如1933年,全年货运量仅8.3万吨,月均只有6917吨。
The smallest railroad in China ------
Because of narrow track, small carriage and small amount of freight, the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was much smaller than Yunnan-Vietnam railway that has been called “small train”. It has a small carrying capacity. For example, it just carried cargo weighing 83,000 tons in the whole year and 6,917 tons in one month.
全国建筑时间最长的铁路。——
它全长177公里。1908年开始筹划,1915年开工,1936年竣工,历时21年,整个工程进度较慢。
The longest time to build in China -------
It is 177 km long. Starting to plan in 1908, it was begun to build in 1915 and completed in 1936. That is to say, it lasted 21 years to build this railway, showing the slow speed of its construction.
全国最慢的列车。——个碧石铁路列车原计划规定时速25公里,比滇越铁路慢5公里,但实际时速只有10公里左右。
The slowest train in China ------
The Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was planed to run at 25 km/hour, 5 km slower than Yunnan-Vietnam railway. But its actual speed is only about 10 km/hour.
效益最显著的铁路——
个碧石铁路通车而增长的大锡出口每年不下万吨,与人民生计,政府财政,社会商品流通均息息相关,实不啻个旧生命之线。仅铁路公司1933年盈余170多万元,1934年盈余290多万元,1935年盈余280多万元。
The most beneficial railway ------
The annual export amount of tin mineral of the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was more than 10,000 tons. It had a close relation to people’s life, government’s finance income and society’s commodity circulation so that it was also called “the life line” of Gejiu. In 1933 the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Company had profited more than 1,700,000 Yuan, 2,900,000 Yuan in 1934 and 2,800,000 Yuan in 1935.
全国唯一的民营铁路——
从1917年云南的政府决定“退出股金,取消官股”,并将公司名称定为“个碧石铁路股份有限公司”起,个碧石铁路即已成为地道的民营、私营铁路。
The only nongovernmental railway in China -----
After the Yunnan government concealed from the joint construction project in 1917, the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping Railway Company was changed into a limited joint-stock enterprise which was absolutely controlled by local merchants.
滇越铁路的延展与衔接——
个碧石铁路与滇越铁路一起结束了云南几千年来的人背马驮史,成为云南近代史上最闪光的一页。个碧石铁路以民族独立自主的典范、自强自立的精神,尤其显得璀璨夺目。
The connection and continuation to the Yunnan-Vietnam railway -----
With the Yunnan-Vietnam railway, the Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway had ended the history of horse and men taking cargo so that it marked one brilliant page in modern history of Yunnan. The Gejiu-Bisezhai-Shiping railway was world-famous just for its spirit of national independence and self-reliance.